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Bogu
The Bogu, special protective armor in the kendo martial art consists of:
Men - Helmet
Do - Trunk protector
Kote - Hand- and forearm protector
Tare - Hip protector
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Budo
Budo is a Japanese term for martial arts. Traditional budo is called koryu, while more modern budo arts are called gendai budo.
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Bokken
Bokken ("wooden sword") is the Japanese for a katana shaped out of wood. It was used to train samurai in feudal Japan, Now it used as a training weapon in various sword arts. Some other martial arts (and all pedants) call it a bokuto ( "wooden sword").
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Bujutsu
Bujutsu are the traditional Japanese martial arts.
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Bushi
bushi (lit. "arms-man") which came into use during the Edo period in Japan, is a term used to describe a warrior.
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Dojo
A dojo is a Japanese term for a martial arts training hall. The direct japanese translation literally means "place of the Way". In Korean a martial arts training hall is called a dojang
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Doshu
Doshu is a hereditary title for the Head of the Way, the way in question being the Japanese martial art Aikido.
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Grappling
Grappling is an aspect of many martial arts, which consists of applications for handling an opponent in which the opponent is held or gripped rather than struck. Grappling may be applied in either standing or on the ground, many standing techniques are takedowns, and thus used for forcing the opponent to an unfavorable position on the ground.
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Kata
Kata is a Japanese word describing detailed patterns of defense-and-attack movements used by most traditional Japanese martial arts, such as the Budo disciplines (Aikido, Iaido, Jodo, Judo, Jiu jitsu, Karate, Kendo) and Tae Kwon Do. The Chinese martial art of Tai Chi Chuan's famous solo form practise is reminiscent of the Japanese concept of kata.
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Katana
The katana is the Japanese longsword , although many Japanese use this word generically as a catch-all word for sword. It refers to a specific type of curved, single-edged sword traditionally used by the Japanese samurai.
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Kobudo
In 1609, the Satsuma samurai clan attacked and swept Okinawa. Japanese law forbid any weapons by the islanders, so the only instruments the farmers had for self-defence were their simple farming tools. The unique martial arts of Okinawan karate and Kobudo were born from this background. Over long years, the techniques of Chinese and South East Asian martial arts were incorporated into Okinawa Karate and Kobudo to establish the forms known today. The Chinese methods were a combination of techniques with empty hands and with weapons derived from farming tools
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Koryu
Koryu is a Japanese word that translates literally as old school or old tradition. It is used to refer to schools of martial arts that predate the Meiji restoration, a political event that precipitated Japan's modernization.
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Naginata
Naginata is a pole weapon traditionally used by Japanese samurai. In recent times, it has become a weapon art with a large amount of women students and masters of Naginatajutsu. It consists of a wooden shaft with a curved blade inserted onto the end. Usually, it also had a sword-like guard (tsuba) between the blade and shaft.
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Nunchaku
A nunchaku, also called nunchucks or nunchuks, is a martial arts weapon of the kobudo weapons set and consists of two sticks connected at their ends with a short chain or rope. The other Kobudo weapons are the Sai, Tonfa, Bo and Kama.
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Randori
Randori is a term used in Japan to describe free-style practice or sparring in the martial arts, sometimes with multiple attackers. The term literally means "chaos taking".
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Ryu
Ryu is synonymous with school of a Japanese martial art. Although there may be many ryuha (derivations) based on a ryu of a given martial art, each will be unique and have its own views concerning the martial art. Many ryu also had secret techniques, only the students of the school were allowed to learn.
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Samurai
Samurai is a common term for a warrior in pre-industrial Japan. However, the term samurai now usually refers to warrior nobility.
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Shinai
A shinai is a practice sword used in Kendo.
In competition there are regulated weights and lengths of the Shinai.
Adult females: maximum length 120 cm, weight minimum 440 grams
Adult males: maximum length 120 cm, weight minimum 510 grams.
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Sparring
To practice with a partner in a short bout fighting session, as in boxing or the martial arts. Fighting motions without hitting one's opponent
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Tonfa
The tonfa is an Okinawan martial arts weapon from which the modern side-handled police baton is derived. Folklore says these were originally used as wooden handles that fit into the side of millstones, and were later evolved into weapons when Okinawan Islanders were banned, by the Japanese, from using weaponry. Other sources say the tonfa have a richer history extending back into Chinese martial arts, and appearing in Indonesian cultures.
The tonfa traditionally consists of two parts, a handle with a knob, and at 90 degrees to the handle, a shaft or board that lies along the hand and forearm. The shaft is usually 51-61 centimeters (20-24 inches) in length, and optimally extends about 3 cm past the elbow when held. Often the shaft has rounded off ends, which may be grooved for a better grip.
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